A Comparative Case Study of Karenni Teacher Professional Development Systems

^{This study contributes to the growing literature on TPD in crisis settings through a comparative case study approach of two Karenni TPD systems: (i) the Karenni Education Department (KnED), which oversees education in two temporary shelters in Thailand, and (ii) the Seh Theh Foundation (STF), which supports teachers across conflict-affected areas of Karenni State, Myanmar.  The study offers descriptive and analytical insights into how these systems function under conditions of chronic disruption and resource scarcity.  While both systems are under immense strain, they continue to adapt in response to instability.}